Safety on the Bike
Road Safety
Observe traffic lights and stop signs.
Ride in the direction of traffic
Give lorries space and hold back - a lorry might be turning at any corner. NEVER cut inside.
Do not go out early in the morning if there is frost or ice in your front or back garden. Usually by 10.30am/11am it will be melted and safe to go out.
Watch for doors of parked cars opening unexpectedly, cycle away from parked cars
Watch for pedestrians at crossings and jaywalkers stepping out from behind a parked car or truck. Pedestrians crossing streets are looking for big objects like cars and trucks, not bikes.
Imagine that no one can see you (most of the time they can't) and ride defensively. If you're in an uncertain situation, use your judgment and slow down if necessary.
Avoid road hazards. Watch for sewer grates, slippery manhole covers, oily spots, gravel, ice, potholes.
Don't cycle on painted striped lines if at all possible; it's quite easy to slip, especially if it’s wet.
Do not pass cars on the right; motorists are not looking for other vehicles on their right
Ride in a straight line and don't swerve in the road or between parked cars
If you intend to turn at an intersection, especially if you're moving into the right-turn lane, signal early. Scan the road behind. Learn to look back over your shoulder without losing your balance or swerving left.
Keep both hands ready to brake. You may not stop in time if you brake one-handed. Allow extra distance for stopping in the rain.
Be non confrontational. You might be tempted to reciprocate when you encounter road rage but don't because it serves no purpose and may exacerbate the situation. Instead, take a deep breath and let it go. Enjoy the cycle!
Watch for chasing dogs. Ignore them, or try a firm, loud, "NO." If you can't get away, dismount with your bike between you and the dog. Don't try to kick the dog. Call the dog warden (this will result in the owner having to control to dog).
When cycling in a group, always pay attention to where your front wheel is in relation to the person in front's rear wheel. Keep your front wheel behind his rear wheel, not overlapping it. Why - because, if he suddenly veers to avoid a hole or rock, his rear wheel will knock your front, which will send you flying.
Plan a route that suits your abilities if you have not ridden recently. You could also ride with someone who is used to riding on the road to increase your confidence.
What to bring/wear 
Bring a full water bottle and some food (banana/energy bar)
Do not be caught out if your tyre goes flat. Remember to take a puncture repair kit or cycle pump with you
Bring your mobile phone; in case you get separated from the group of have a fall. Girls - never go out alone without your mobile.
Don't just get on your bike: ensure its safe and check that your brakes, tyres, lights, and steering are working properly.
Ensure your bike is properly adjusted - wrongly positioned saddles and handlebars are uncomfortable and inefficient and will hurt your back
At night, use a white front light, red rear light and reflector and reflective tape or clothing
Never dress all in black, even during the day, motorist s need to be able to see you easily, even on a sunny day
Always wear a cycle helmet
Wear gloves to protect your palms if you fall
If you are on your bike, you will need to remain vigilant with good vision. Wear sunglasses.
Protect your skin by using sun-cream.